How to take the cervical smear test

Taking a cervical smear test is simple, safe, and secure. You must book an appointment for the test yourself, and it is most common to do so with your general practitioner.

The cervical smear test is done during a pelvic exam (gynecological examination) and only takes a few minutes. A small rubber brush is inserted into the cervix to collect cells, which are then transferred to a test tube. It may be slightly uncomfortable but usually does not hurt. It is completely normal to have a little bleeding afterward. Some people feel anxious about undressing in front of others and may feel vulnerable in this situation. The doctor will ensure that the examination is private and that you feel safe.

Watch the video below to see how a cervical smear test is taken.

After the examination

The sample is sent to the laboratory for analysis. The results typically arrive within three weeks. Not all doctors inform patients about normal results, so it may be a good idea to ask your doctor to notify you once the result is available. When it is time for a new test, you will receive a reminder from the Cervical Screening Program.

If the result is abnormal, your doctor will contact you to discuss further follow-up.

From July 1, 2023, all cervical smears for individuals aged 25-69 will be tested for HPV. You will not notice any difference when taking the test; the change occurs in the laboratory analysis.

How to prepare for the test

Do not take the cervical smear test during menstruation.

One day before the test:

Do not use tampons
Do not use vaginal medications or creams
Avoid sexual intercourse

Some find it convenient to wear a skirt or dress for a gynecological examination. If you wish, you can bring a friend to the doctor with you.

Check yourself if you have symptoms

Regular cervical screening reduces the risk of cervical cancer, but it is not a guarantee. Sometimes, cell changes are not detected in the tests.

If you experience symptoms, it is important to visit your doctor immediately, even if your test results are normal, regardless of your age.

Possible symptoms of cervical cancer:

Bleeding after intercourse
Persistent pelvic pain
Bloody or foul-smelling discharge
Lower back pain
Irregular bleeding

Who should have a cervical smear test?

All women aged 25-69 who have a cervix should take a cervical smear test when they receive a reminder. This includes:

Pregnant women: If you receive a reminder in the second or third trimester, you can wait until your 6-week postpartum check-up. If you receive a reminder in the first trimester, you should take the test as usual.
Lesbian, bisexual women, and women who have sex with women: Nearly all cases of cervical cancer are caused by HPV infection. HPV is transmitted through skin-to-skin contact via all forms of sexual activity, meaning it is not only transmitted through heterosexual intercourse.
Trans men and non-binary individuals with a cervix: If you are legally male, you will not automatically receive reminders for the cervical smear test. If you have a cervix, it is especially important to follow up with your doctor.

Who should not have a cervical smear test?

Women under 25 with no symptoms: Women under 25 can have cell changes, but the incidence of cervical cancer in this group is low. Testing regularly could lead to overtreatment for many, and the disadvantages are considered greater than the benefits. Vaccination against HPV before infection is likely the best way to prevent cervical cancer among younger women. If you have symptoms, you should visit a doctor, regardless of age.

Women who have never had sex

The risk of developing cervical cancer is very low if you have never had sex. Human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes most cases of cervical cancer, can be transmitted through various forms of sexual contact. This includes both penetrative and oral sex, genital touching, and sharing sex toys. You can check with your GP or gynecologist if you should take the test.

Cervical smear test after a hysterectomy

Some women have both the uterus and cervix removed, while others only have the uterus removed. If you are unsure whether you should continue with cervical screening, ask your GP.

If you have had your cervix removed, you no longer need to participate in the Cervical Screening Program. You can contact us, and we will stop sending reminders.